President Javier Milei’s libertarian coalition, La Libertad Avanza (LLA), delivered a historic performance in Argentina’s 2025 midterm elections, securing 40.8% of the national vote with 91% of ballots counted. This outcome represents a landslide victory for the administration and a rare midterm triumph for a ruling party. The result ensures that LLA will comfortably hold a third of the Lower House, a crucial threshold that enables the government to block opposition initiatives and bolster presidential decrees.
These elections renewed half of the 257-seat Chamber of Deputies (127 seats) and one-third of the 72-seat Senate (24 seats). LLA is expected to gain 64 new deputies, raising its total to 92, well above the 84 required to control a legislative third — a strategic milestone that will make Milei’s bloc the largest in the chamber, surpassing the long-dominant Peronist forces for the first time.
In coalition with the right-wing Propuesta Republicana (PRO), which will hold 25 deputies by December, the government has strengthened its parliamentary base. Together, these blocs position Milei to advance key reforms in deregulation, fiscal reduction, and state restructuring that underpin his libertarian agenda. Yet even with this decisive gain, the administration will still need to negotiate with centrist or regionally influential blocs — such as the Unión Cívica Radical (UCR) — to ensure passage of major legislation. This need for coalition-building will shape the political dynamics ahead of the 2027 presidential race, when Congress again undergoes partial renewal.
The LLA–PRO alliance proved instrumental in broadening the ruling coalition’s appeal to moderate right-wing voters. It also marks the first time since 2017 that any Argentine president’s party has won a midterm election, breaking a longstanding political pattern where incumbents typically lose ground midway through their term.
Congressional Breakdown
Peronism — running in most provinces under the banner Fuerza Patria — finished a distant second with 24.3% of the national vote for deputies. The main Peronist bloc will command 79 seats once Congress reconvenes in December, though it could draw support from smaller provincial Peronist forces that secured another 15 seats. If united, Peronism’s total representation would reach 94 deputies, slightly above LLA’s total. Collectively, LLA and Peronism captured about 32% of all votes, underscoring Argentina’s polarised political climate.
For the Senate, LLA captured nearly 43% of the vote in the provinces renewing the upper house — including Chaco, Entre Ríos, Neuquén, Río Negro, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tierra del Fuego, and Buenos Aires City. This gives Milei’s alliance 19 of the 24 contested Senate seats, just shy of the 24 needed for one-third control. Fuerza Patria, with 23% of the senatorial vote, will remain the largest bloc overall with 25 senators, aided by a local Peronist affiliate from Entre Ríos.
Voter participation reached 67.8%, among the lowest levels since Argentina’s return to democracy in 1983, slightly above the 67.7% turnout registered in the 2021 primaries.
Upset in Buenos Aires Province
Perhaps the most consequential result came in Buenos Aires province, a traditional Peronist bastion, where LLA narrowly defeated Fuerza Patria with 41.5% to 40.8%. Pre-election polls had widely forecast a Peronist advantage, bolstered by strong showings in the September provincial elections. The libertarian upset is even more striking given the last-minute resignation of LLA’s leading candidate, José Luis Espert, following an ethics scandal involving alleged connections to a drug trafficker. Despite that controversy, voters delivered a symbolic blow to the Peronist establishment in Argentina’s most populous region.
In Buenos Aires City, results were even more decisive: LLA dominated the deputies’ race with 47%, far ahead of Fuerza Patria’s 27%. The Senate contest there produced an emphatic win for Security Minister Patricia Bullrich, who led the LLA ticket to a commanding 50% of the vote against 30% for the Peronists.
Together, these outcomes underscore the extent of Milei’s consolidation of the political right, marking a turning point in Argentina’s post-crisis political landscape. The 2025 midterm results signal not only the deep restructuring of the national legislature but also the emergence of LLA as the dominant force in a redefined Argentine political spectrum.
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